In July 1999, unusually high trap success was recorded for a species of fly in the genus Anthomyia in Grand Pré, Nova Scotia. The fly was identified morphologically as A. pluvialis L., which has not been reported previously from mainland Nova Scotia. Some members of the genus Anthomyia are coprophagous and it is possible that these flies were feeding on large sources of composting chicken manure. Preliminary phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial COI sequence data suggests that the Nova Scotia population is more closely related to A. pluvialis from England than to A. pluvialis from Germany or A. parapluvialis from Africa. Somewhat confusing, however, was the observation that A. procellaris from England clustered with the Nova Scotia-England A. pluvialis clade. Larger sampling with broader geographic coverage will be required to document patterns of relatedness among European A. pluvialis and to confirm the phylogenetic relationship of A. procellaris and A. pluvialis. The COI gene appears to be sufficiently variable to be useful in this context.